PART II: IDIOMS

30 Tháng Mười, 202021 Tháng Tám, 2021 Tổ Ngoại Ngữ

PART II: IDIOMS

LÝ THUYẾT

– Idioms là gì?

Thành ngữ tiếng Anh (Idioms) được cấu tạo bằng nhiều từ khác nhau tạo thành một câu nhưng không mang nghĩa đen của nó. Idiom được người bản ngữ sử dụng rất nhiều trong văn nói và viết, vì vậy hiểu được ý nghĩa của Idiom sẽ giúp các bạn sử dụng Tiếng Anh hiệu quả hơn rất nhiều.

– Cách học Idioms hiệu quả

+ Không nên học quá nhiều thành ngữ trong một thời gian ngăn vì hằng ngày bạn phải tiếp nhận vô số thông tin, bắt buộc não bộ đôi khi “phản kháng” bằng cách từ chối ghi nhớ nhiều thông tin cùng một lúc. Vì vậy chỉ cần mỗi tuần học 1 tới 3 Idiom là thích hợp nhất

+ Học Idiom trong ngữ cảnh cụ thể sẽ giúp bạn khó quên hơn.

Ví dụ: Khi học “know something like the back of one’s hand” (Biết điều gì đó rõ như lòng bàn tay) ta học trong ngữ cảnh sau sẽ dễ nhớ và nhớ lâu hơn

Juan: Hey Sarah, I need to buy something. Are there any opened supermarkets nearby?

Sarah: Go with me! I know this area like the back of my hand!

Juan: Oh! Thanks Sarah.

+ Ôn và luyện tập cách sử dụng Idiom thường xuyên: Bạn hãy dành thời gian xem lại và sử dụng những Idiom mà bạn đã học được thường xuyên hơn mỗi ngày sẽ giúp bạn học Idiom dễ dàng hơn.

– Một số thành ngữ thông dụng

TT	IDIOM	DỊCH NGHĨA
1	New one in, old one out	Có mới nới cũ
2	With age comes wisdom	Gừng càng già, càng cay
3	Handsome is as handsome does	Tốt gỗ hơn tốt nước sơn
4	You get what you pay for	Tiền nào của ấy
5	As strong as a horse	Khỏe như trâu
6	Good wine needs no bush	Hữu xạ tự nhiên hương
7	Diamond cuts diamond	Vỏ quýt dày có móng tay nhọn
8	Speak one way and act another	Nói một đằng, làm một nẻo
9	Don’t judge a book by its cover	Đừng đánh giá con người qua vẻ bề ngoài
10	Man proposes God deposes	Người tính không bằng trời tính
11	Out of sight out of mind	Xa mặt cách lòng
12	So many men, so many minds	Chín người mười ý
13	What will be will be	Cái gì đến sẽ đến
14	Every day is not Sunday	Sông có khúc người có lúc
15	When in Rome do as the Romans do	Nhập gia tùy tục
16	Slow but sure	Chậm mà chắc
17	Beauty is only skin deep	Cái nết đánh chết cái đẹp
18	Every Jack has his Jill	Nồi nào úp vung nấy
19	A friend in need is a friend indeed	Hoạn nạn mới biết bạn hiền
20	No pains no gains	Tay làm hàm nhai
21	Easier said than done	Nói thì dễ làm thì khó
22	Easy come easy go	Dễ được thì dễ mất
23	Great minds think alike	Chí lớn gặp nhau
24	His eyes are bigger than his belly	No bụng đói con mắt
25	It’s the first step that counts	Vạn sự khởi đầu nan
26	Like father like son	Cha nào con nấy
27	Tit for tat	Ăn miếng trả miếng
28	The more the merrier	Càng đông càng vui
29	Love is blind	Tình yêu là mù quáng
30	Where there’s smoke, there’s fire	Không có lửa làm sao có khói
31	United we stand, divided we fall	Đoàn kết là sống, chia rẽ là chết
32	Practice makes perfect	Có công mài sắt có ngày nên kim
33	Better late than never	Thà trễ còn hơn không
34	Sink or swim	Được ăn cả ngã về không
35	Death pays all debts	Chết là hết
36	Time cure all pains	Thời gian sẽ làm lành mọi vết thương
37	Money talks	Có tiền mua tiên cũng được
38	As accient as the sun	Xưa như trái đất
39	As clear as daylight	Rõ như ban ngày
40	Better luck next time	Thua keo này ta bày keo khác
41	A lie has no legs	Giấu đầu lòi đuôi
42	It never rains but it pours	Họa vô đơn chí
43	We reap what we sow	Gieo gió gặp bão
44	A year care, a minute ruin	Khôn ba năm, dại một giờ
45	As easy as pie	Dễ như ăn cháo
46	Once in a blue moon	Rất hiếm khi
47	Cost an arm and a leg	Đắt cắt cổ
48	A needle in a haystack	Mò kim đáy bể
49	Add fuel to the fire	Đổ thêm dầu vào lửa
50	More or less	Chẳng ít thì nhiều
51	Still waters run deep	Tẩm ngẩm tầm ngầm
52	Men make houses, women make homes	Đàn ông xây nhà, đàn bà xây tổ ấm
53	So far so good	Mọi thứ vẫn tốt đẹp
54	Rain cats and dogs	Mưa như trút nước
55	Silence is golden	Im lặng là vàng
56	Beating around the bush	Vòng vo tam quốc
57	Habit cures habit	Lấy độc trị độc
58	As dump as an oyster	Câm như hến
59	More dead than alive	Thừa sống thiếu chết
60	Walls have ears	Tai vách mạch rừng
61	Cheapest is dearest	Của rẻ là của ôi
62	Bite the hand that feeds	Ăn cháo đá bát
63	Solidity first	Ăn chắc mặc bền
64	Safe and sound	Bình an vô sự
65	Honour charges manners	Giàu đổi bạn, sang đổi vợ

BÀI TẬP
It finally________ home to me that it was time to buy a place of my own.
arrived B. came C. hit D. reached
Well, it’s 7 p.m. I’d better hit the________ if I want to get home before it’s dark
roof B. headlines C. newspaper D. road
She’s the type who can’t sit on holiday and is always ________ the move.
in B. on C. at D. by
She had never been to Prague before, and she________ in love with it straight away.
dropped B. fell C. tripped D. crashed
He didn’t speak a word of French when he first moved to France. He had to pick up the language from ________ .
scratch B. start C. nought D. nil
Tamara has set her________ on becoming a ballet-dancer.
head B. feet C. brain D. heart
Why not buy the dress on________ then you can take it back if it doesn’t fit your mother?
agreement B. approval C. affirmation D. affection
We’re free most of the weekend, but we’ve got a few bits and________ to do on Sunday morning.
things B. stuff C. pieces D. ends
It was so exciting! I was on the________ of my seat!
side B. edge C. end D. front
Insects and bugs ________. .
make my skin run B. make my skin walk C. make my skin crawl D. make my skin march
There are about twenty________ so people waiting in the outer office.
but B. and C. or D. so
Whether or not you like some kinds of modern furniture is a matter of________ .
comparison B. taste C. favor D. vogue
Clare was________ her homework when her boyfriend called.
at the centre B. in between C. halfway through D. in the middle of
I’m starving! I could eat like a________ .
cow B. horse C. house D. pig
You must have your head in the________ if you think you’re going to succeed without hard work.
ground B. clouds C. sky D. air
How much longer do we have to wait? This is starting to get on my________ .
mind B. back C. nerves D. nose
“I’m________ to listen to your pathetic excuses,” she said.
sick and tired B. having enough C. in no mood D. sick to death
The fact of the ________ that we have a government that will do what it wants to do for the next two years.
matter B. problem C. point D. situation
________! You deserved to win.
Unfair luck B. Nasty luck C. Hard luck D. Bad fortune
Mary wanted to give Nigel a present that was a little bit out of the________ .
normal B. ordinary C. average D. everyday
I know it’s early but I thought we ought to leave________ .
timely B. on time C. at the time D. in good time
The nearest town was 80 km away, I mean really in the middle of________ .
everywhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
I need to get some cash. Do you think we might pass a bank________ ?
in the way B. to the way C. on the way D. at the way
I couldn’t finish the exam because I was just too________ time.
run out of B. wasted C. spent D. short of
“Did you sleep well?” – “Yeah, like a________ ”.
drunk B. log C. horse D. fish
Phillips offered Joan a ________ to cry on after her husband’s death.
shoulder B. arm C. hand D. leg
There were a few small villages ________ , but no major city for miles around.
on and off B. here and there C. back and forth D. up and down
During the match, someone________ fire to the stadium.
opened B. put C. set D. caught
Several angry drivers shook their________ at me as I drove away
elbows B. arms C. hands D. fists
Each time I sneezed, everyone said: “________ you!”
Cough B. Bless C. Cold D. Thank
I need an assistant – I’m up to________ with work.
my eyes B. my ears C. here C. All are correct
Stop making that noise! You’re getting on my ________ !
muscles B. brains C. nerves D. blood
I don’t have any cash just now. I’m________ .
flat broken B. flat broke C. no money D. less money
She’s won the lottery! She’s________ the moon!
across B. over C. along D. through
I know your name is Jim. When I called you Tim it was just a________ of
slip B. skid C. skim D. slight
After a six-year-relationship, Martha and Billy have decided to________ .
break the bank B turn the page C. make the grade D. tie the knot
If he thinks he’s capable of building a house on his own, he’s living________ .
in a fantasy world B. in the clouds C. on the moon D. in the sky
She may seem unapproachable when you first meet her, but the truth is she has a(n) ________ of gold.
heart B. soul C. attitude D. feeling
On first coming to England, I fell________ in love with a girl who lived in the flat below mine.
feet over hands B. elbow to toe C. foot in mouth D. head over heels
He’s such a________ ! Just when everyone is having a good time he starts moaning about being tired.
dry bone B. soft touch C. wet blanket D. drop kick
The suspect was seen________ with intent outside of the jewellery store.
lying B. loitering C. waiting D. standing
I could tell from her face that she was on the________ of bursting into tears.
limit B. edge C. verge D. border
“Did you enjoy the party?”. Well, kind________ .
off B. of C. like D. or
Let’s settle this argument once and for________ .
all B. ever C. always D. once
I________ in love with her the first time, I saw her and we’ve just celebrated our 50th anniversary.
fell B. stumbled C. tripped D. tie the knot
“Can you tell me where Portsmouth Road is? – “Sorry, I haven’t got a ________.”
idea B. faintest C. clue D. knowledge
I don’t want to listen to any more of your half-________ ideas. Come back when you have some ideas that aren’t impractical and stupid.
mashed B. peeled C. rinsed D. baked
Students sometimes support themselves by________ of evening jobs.
efforts B. methods C. means D. ways
She’s a very________ person, so her friends often ask her for advice.
practiced B. basic C. earthy D. down-to-earth
You should take notice of warnings which state that guard dogs are on________.
alert B. patrol C. defence D. watch
I revised my views________ comments from colleagues.
against B. further to C. in the light of D. consequent upon
Eating a bar of chocolate from time________ time won’t do you any harm.
in B. to C. at D. with
In most countries, driving tests are available on________ .
demand B. requesting C. question D. asking
What a heavy fog we have! I’m sure our flight will surely fall behind________ .
plan B. shipment C. time D. schedule
Mr. Henry was given a medal in________ of his service to his country.
response B. gratitude C. recognition D. knowledge
I won’t buy that car because it has too much________ on it.
ups and downs B. adds and ends C. wear and tear D white lie
She passed the National High School Graduation Exam with________ colors.
bright B. flying C. red D. true
Taxis don’t follow any schedule; they come and go________ .
in sequence B. chronologically C. at random D. punctually
I shall do the job to the best of my________ .
ability B. knowledge C. talent D. capacity
Can you deliver this letter________ hand?
in B. with C. to D. by
I’m opting out of the________ race and going to live on a small farm in the countryside.
horse B. dog C. rat D. cat and mouse
You can talk to him until you are ________ in the face, but he still won’t understand.
white B. green C. yellow D. blue
He has been caught in the rain, and has been wet________ .
over and over B. once for all C. to and from D. through and through
64. I’m very lazy. I only go to the gym once in a________
full B. black C. new D. blue
Of course an encyclopedia is not a book you read________ .
from cover by page B. from cover to cover
from the start to the stop D. from the top to the end
Mr. Simkins is the big ________ in the company as he has just been promoted to the position of Managing Director.
bread B. cheese C. meat D. ends and odds
My English is progressing________ .
odds and ends B. leaps and bounds C. bounds and leaps D. ends and odds
When you do something, you should________ .
get through to B. turn over a new leaf
weigh up the pros and cons D. go down well with
We regret to tell you that the materials you ordered are________ .
out of reach B. out of practice C. out of stock D. out of work
In the rush hour, the traffic ________ its way over the bridge into the city.
crawled B. inched C. forced D. wormed
He put the two letters into the wrong envelopes________ mistake.
on B. by C. with D. in
I read the contract again and again________ avoiding making spelling mistakes.
in terms of B. by means of C. with a view to D. in view of
Everyone can join our club,________ age and sex.
in place of B. regardless of C. in case of D. not mention
When you use the Internet, you have so much information at your________ .
fingers B. hands C. thumbs D. fingertips
Without written evidence, we don’t have a________ on.
leg to stand B. foot to stand C. leg to lean D. foot to lean
Human beings have driven rare animals and plants________ of extinction in the past 100 years.
on the verge B. to the verge C. under the verge D. at the verge
You can’t just bury your________ in the sand and hope that this problem goes away.
book B. hand C. head D. foot
He’s sometimes bad-tempered but he’s a good fellow________ .
in heart B. by heart C. at heart D. with heart
Stop________ about the bush, John! Just tell me exactly what the problem is.
rushing B. hiding C. beating D. moving
The director and the producer don’t see________ on certain aspects of products.
face to face B. heart to heart C. mind to mind D. eye to eye
Mary Smith decided to give up her job for the________ of her children.
reason B. concern C. care D. sake
According to a recent survey, most people are on good________ with their neighbors.
relations B. terms C. acquaintance D. relationships
I just took it________ that he’d always be available.
for granted B. into consideration C. easy D. into account
She clearly joined the firm with a(n)________ to improving herself professionally.
view B. aim C. plan D. ambition
Stefania’s decision to give up her job came as a________ to all her colleagues.
surprise B. delight C. pleasure D. concern
It’s a good idea in theory, but it’s going to be hard to put it into________ .
practice B. trial C. test D. examination
If you take into________ stopping for lunch on the way, the journey should take about four hours.
thought B allowance C. reminder D. account
The opposition will be elected into government at the next election, without a________ of a doubt.
shade B. shadow C. benefit D. hue
I’ve never really enjoyed going to the ballet or the opera; they’re not really my________ .
piece of cake B. sweets and candy C. biscuit D. cup of tea
In the________ of security, personnel must wear their identity badges at all time.
interests B. demands C. assistance D. requirement
Vietnam’s Got Talent is the game show that has taken audiences________ .
by storm B. by wind C. by night D. by heart
When I got my case back, it had been damaged________ repair.
over B. further C. above D. beyond
We need to discuss the________ and bolts of the proposal before going any further.
component B. nuts C. summary D. details
Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the________ that the matter was confidential.
reasons B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
Jo was shocked when I disagreed with her. She’s so used to getting her own________ .
mind B. way C. opinion D. views
After listening to all arguments I am now of the________ that there should be no new road.
opinion B. idea C. thought D. attitude
He left the country________ arrest if he returned.
with threat of B. in fear of C. with fear of D. under threat of
He was a natural singer with a voice that was as clear as________ .
a mirror B. a lake C. a bell D. a water fall
He may be shy now, but he will soon come out of his________ when he meets the right girl.
shell B. shoe C. shed D. hole
Luggage may be placed here________ the owner’s risk.
at B. by C. under D. with
The police are________ certain who the culprit is.
in some ways B. here and there C. more or less D. by and by
Don’t quote me. what I am about to say is________ the record.
on B. above C. off D. without
I’ve been doing my best to reduce the backlog, but I must admit that I’ve hardly put ________ in the problem so far.
a foot B. a dent C. a brave face D. damper
We may win, we may lose – it’s just the luck of the________ .
draw B. odd C. fate D. chance
They are having serious problems. Their relationship is on the________ .
rocks B. cliffs C. stones D. grass
Unemployment threat has been________ for a while now.
daunting on the lookout B. intimidating on the air
overwhelming on the wing D. looming on the horizon
I don’t like turning down work, but I’ll have to, I’m afraid I’ve got far too much ________ at the moment.
on my plate B. in effect C. on my mind D. up my sleeve
William is an authority________ medieval tapestries.
on B. with C. about D. in
My grandfather can’t remember anything about his life because he has lost his________ .
head B. brain C. memory D. mind
Losing my job was a________ . I never would have found this one if it hadn’t happened.
bleeding heart B. breath of fresh air C. blessing in disguise D. bone to pick with
We’re________ if we continue with genetic modification of our food.
playing out of our skin B. playing with fire C. playing over D. adding fuel to the fire
After their argument, John didn’t know if Rick was a friend or a________ .
friend B. rival C. blood D. foe
I applied for the job________ the off chance, but I didn’t seriously expect to get it.
with B. on C. by D. for
They agreed to the changes________ that they would be introduced gradually.
with the conditions B. by the comprehension
for the interpretation D. on the understanding
The police are warning the public to be on the________ for suspicious packages.
guard B. care C. alert D. alarm
The issue is still________ discussion.
in B. on C. under D. for
Sitting uncomfortably among many people he didn’t know, Joe was like________ .
water off a duck’s back B. a fish out of water
a duck to water D. water under the bridge
What’s wrong with you today? Did you get out of bed on the wrong________ ?
edge B. foot C. side D. end
This house costs an arm and a________ .
leg B. hand C. finger D. forearm
He longs________ to see his family again.
above all B. all of a sudden C. as a rule D. all at once
The company can’t expect me to move my home and family at the drop of________ .
blood B. a water C. rain D. a hat
An accident of this magnitude could easily bring the factory’s production to a________ .
halt B. quit C. stay D. block
Nothing________ the ordinary ever happens here.
out of B. within C. from D. bout
A journalist is________ on a politician in order to damage the politician’s image.
digging his own grave B. digging up dirt
digging up out of the earth D. digging it out
We were having dinner in a restaurant last night when this guy at the next table ________ because the waiter brought the wrong thing.
flew by the seat of his pants B. flushed out of some place
flew into the face of danger D. flew off the handle
Even if you are rich, you should save some money for a________ day.
windy B. rainy C. foggy D. snowy
Why don’t you sit down and________ ?
make yourself at peace B. make it your own home
make yourself at home D. make yourself at rest
Do I have to________ my age?
do B. follow C. act D. see
I________ and realized that I would have made exactly the same choice.
place myself in Tom’s shoes B. put Tom in his place
put myself in Tom’s shoes D. put Tom in place
We still meet up for a drink and a chat once________ .
in a black mood B. at a time C. in a blue moon D. in a while
I called Jenna yesterday with a view________ her about the project.
of asking B. to asking C. in asking D. for asking
We have our________ of course, but we are still quite satisfied with our life.
odds and ends B. ups and downs C. safe and sound D. hair on his head
Peter was born and brought up in Hastings and knows it like the________ .
nose on his face B. tip of his tongue C. back of his hand D. hair on his head
It rained________ yesterday, so we could not go sailing.
cats and dogs B. chalk and cheese C. fast and furious D. ups and downs
I’m sorry! I didn’t break that vase on________ .
time B. purpose C. intention D. my mind
I’ve never really enjoyed going to the ballet or the opera; they’re not really my________ .
piece of cake B. sweets and candy C. biscuit D. cup of tea
After running up the stairs, I was________ breath.
away from B. without C. no D. out of
________ wait for no man.
Tide and fire B. Time and tide C. Time and fire D. Tide and time
I know his name, but I can’t recall it at the moment. It’s on the tip of________ .
tongue B. brain C. mind D. memory
The worried man walked________ in the corridor waiting for the announcement.
back and from B. to and forth C. to and from D. to and back
Chris’s father could not afford to send him to school because he was________ .
in high spirit B. at loss C. on approval D. in debt
I am trying to________ the sundial in the back garden.
make allowance for B. make up C. put up D. make room for
Don’t try to bite off more than you can ________ I am afraid you are not so talented.
take B. swallow C. hold D. chew
Sorry, I can’t talk now. I am________.
in the nick of time B. on approval C. out of reach D. in a hurry

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